A defective injector can have contamination deposits, and it can easily prevent the combustion chamber from being able to take in the fuel needed to get started.
Excessively contaminated fuel can also fully plug the filter, way before its regular servicing period, which will also prevent the engine from getting the needed fuel quantity to start efficiently.
Other issues related to injector operation can be observed as a white smoke coming out of the exhaust, which may indicate a partially plugged injector leading to incorrect combustion, so we end up with unburned diesel fuel coming out of the exhaust, leading to excessive engine crank-up and difficulties during start-up.
Several parameters can undermine the performance and the correct operation of a fuel injector, of which, the most important ones are related to fuel quality (ISO cleanliness level, and water content), and it may lead to the following Failure Chain Reaction:
• Contaminated fuel is sent through fuel injectors
• Fuel injector valve deterioration begins
• Fuel pressure through the injector nozzle reduces
• Fuel volume through the injection system reduces
• Engine ECU increases fuel load to compensate
• Reduced fuel atomization
• Soot generation within the cylinder
• Emissions increased
• Experienced power loss
• A partial injection failure point
• Injector wear continues
• Fuel consumption increases
• Visible and audible signs of engine distress
• Full injection failure
The failure of the fuel injector may lead to further damage and performance loss in the engine:
- Injector failure
- Rough engine performance
- Complications while starting the vehicle
- Fuel odors
- Oil thinning
- Failed emission
- The engine fails to reach the full RPM
- Poor performance of the vehicle
- Smoke emission
- Increased fuel consumption
- Pollution
- Catastrophic engine failure (mostly due to damaged piston crown)
- Piston crown damage
- Fused/melted off material
- Hole in piston
- Cracks in the crown and crown bowl
- Material washout in the ring area
- Radial wear due to fuel flooding
- Axial wear due to ingress of dirt
- Dry running/Fuel damage
In this series, we will talk about different issues related to a defective fuel injector, which are a direct result of bad fuel quality, and how it will impact the performance of the engine.
References:
https://piketransit.com/what-is-the-cause-of-hard-starting-in-diesel-engine/
https://www.autorepairmountainviewca.com/blog/six-problems-preventing-car-starting.php
https://allinthewristauto.com/diesel/when-your-diesel-hard-start/
https://gemstatediesel.com/3-common-problems-that-affect-diesel-vehicles/
https://carfixautorepair.com/5-common-problems-with-diesel-engines/
https://costeffective.com.au/2019/07/05/how-to-fix-a-diesel-thats-hard-to-start-cold/
https://rcautospecialists.com/11-commonly-repaired-problems-on-diesel-engines/
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